Scientists at the Autonomous University of Barcelona looked at various scientific studies to better understand how specific plants can be used in the treatment of cardiovascular issues
New research has highlighted five foods that could be key to slashing heart disease risk – and they all have on thing in common. The peer-reviewed project, led by the Autonomous University of Barcelona, analysed various scientific studies to better understand how specific plants can be used in the treatment of cardiovascular issues.
It comes at a time when such conditions are responsible for more than 170,000 deaths a year in the UK – equivalent to one every three minutes – according to the British Heart Foundation. Within their study, experts primarily focused on the Mediterranean diet, looking at the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and vasodilatory actions of several key components.
Garlic, saffron, olives, rosemary and grapes were among the foods they highlighted, amidst claims they may hold ‘active components’ beneficial for heart health. “Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of global mortality, accounting for 32% of deaths in 2019,” the study authors wrote.
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“Plant-based extracts, rich in bioactive compounds, have significantly contributed to modern medicine, offering therapeutic potential for various diseases. However, their use is limited by possible side effects, drug interactions, and a lack of comprehensive preclinical and clinical studies.
“This review [aimed] to provide an overview of the mechanisms of action, clinical evidence, and adverse effects of key bioactive compounds derived from select Mediterranean plants, integral to the Mediterranean diet.” The researchers stressed that Mediterranean staples have ‘promising’ potential in reducing the risk of heart attacks and strokes, while also asserting they could be used in the future treatment of atherosclerosis.
The latter refers to a condition in which cholesterol and fatty substances build up on the artery walls, potentially giving rise to blood clots over time. Despite this, the team urged that further research is necessary – especially in regard to what they refer to as a ‘matrix effect’.
This simply refers to the way in which different foods interact with each other when consumed, potentially boosting or diminishing individual benefits. The researchers added: “Crafting an optimal diet plan with specific consumption limits and effective food combinations remains a complex task, as this review underscores.
“Key knowledge gaps persist, particularly regarding the long-term safety of these bioactive compounds, the potential for synergistic effects within the Mediterranean diet, and the need for standardised clinical protocols.”
